Photosynthesis

Making Food from Sunlight
Nutrition diagram SUNLIGHT Absorbed by chlorophyll CO₂ + H₂O Raw materials in GLUCOSE + O₂ Products released STOMATA Gas exchange CHLOROPLAST Photosynthesis site BROAD SURFACE Maximises light capture ROOT HAIRS Absorb water & minerals OSMOSIS Water enters root cells ACTIVE TRANSPORT: Minerals XYLEM Water & minerals upward ↑ PHLOEM Glucose downward ↓ TRANSPIRATION pulls flow CARNIVORE Tiger — eats only meat INGESTION Food taken into mouth FOOD SOURCE Meat & bone (protein) HERBIVORE Goat — eats only plants GRASS — FOOD SOURCE Goat ingests plant material STOMACH HCl & pepsin digest protein ENZYMES Break large molecules down GOAT DIGESTION Cellulose broken down SMALL INTESTINE Villi absorb nutrients VILLI Vast surface area for absorption GOAT ABSORPTION Nutrients absorbed from grass MUSCLE BUILDING Amino acids → proteins ENERGY (ATP) Glucose → cellular respiration GROWTH & REPAIR Nutrients → body cells LARGE INTESTINE Water reabsorbed here EGESTION Undigested waste expelled NOT EXCRETION Faeces ≠ metabolic waste