A cylinder is a 3D solid with two congruent circular bases connected by a curved surface.
1. Curved Surface Area (C.S.A) = Circumference × Height = 2πrh
2. Area of two circular bases = 2 × πr²
3. Total Surface Area (T.S.A) = C.S.A + Area of bases
= 2πrh + 2πr² = 2πr(r + h)