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🧪 Controls

READY
Iron stand Dry gas jar CHEMICAL REACTION 2NH₄Cl(aq) + Ca(OH)₂(s) → CaCl₂(aq) + 2NH₃(g)↑ + 2H₂O(l)
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📋 Simple Steps

  • a. Place NH4Cl and slaked lime (Ca(OH)2) in the round-bottom flask.
  • b. Set the flask on wire gauze over a tripod and arrange gentle heating.
  • c. Connect the delivery tube from the flask to the drying jar.
  • d. Fill the drying jar with quicklime (CaO) to dry the ammonia gas.
  • e. Connect the outlet to a dry gas jar for collection by downward displacement of air.
  • f. Warm gently to start the reaction and collect NH3.

⚠️ Precautions

  • 1. Use dry apparatus because NH₃ is highly soluble in water.
  • 2. Use freshly prepared slaked lime (Ca(OH)₂).
  • 3. Ensure airtight connections.
  • 4. Warm gently; avoid strong heating.
  • 5. Dry the gas with quicklime (CaO) if required.
  • 6. Collect NH₃ by downward displacement of air, not over water.
What Happens:

When ammonium chloride reacts with slaked lime on gentle warming, ammonia gas is produced. The gas passes through quicklime in the drying jar and then into a dry collection jar. NH₃ is colorless, has a pungent smell, and is lighter than air.

Chemical Reaction: 2NH₄Cl(aq) + Ca(OH)₂(s) → CaCl₂(aq) + 2NH₃(g)↑ + 2H₂O(l)

Properties: NH₃ is lighter than air, colorless, highly soluble in water, and turns red litmus blue.