Homologous series, Alkyl radical, functional groups

1. Homologous Series

A Homologous Series is a family of hydrocarbons that share the same general formula. Each member differs from the next by a -CH₂- group.

Note: As the chain grows, the molecular mass increases by 14 AMU.

2. Alkyl Radicals

If you remove one Hydrogen atom from an Alkane, it becomes an Alkyl Radical. It now has an "open bond" ready to react!

3. Functional Groups

These are specific atoms that determine the chemical properties of the molecule. When they join a radical, they create a new compound.